In a recent study published in the European Heart Journal, researchers have shed light on a potential link between medical cannabis use for chronic pain and an increased risk of arrhythmia, a condition where the heart beats irregularly. While recreational cannabis use has previously been associated with cardiovascular issues, this study delves into the side effects of medical cannabis, gaining significance as an increasing number of countries permit its use as a treatment for chronic pain.
Led by Dr. Anders Holt from Copenhagen University Hospital, the study focused on 5,391 Danish patients prescribed medical cannabis for chronic pain, comparing them with 26,941 patients with chronic pain who did not receive cannabis treatment. The findings revealed a 0.8% risk of arrhythmia within 180 days of cannabis treatment, more than twice the risk observed in patients not using cannabis for pain management. Notably, the risk difference diminished in the first year of treatment.
Among patients aged 60 and older and those with pre-existing conditions like cancer or cardiometabolic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, the study noted the highest increases in the risk of arrhythmia. Despite the observed risks, the study did not find a direct link between medical cannabis use and acute coronary syndrome, including heart attacks, strokes, or heart failure.
With medical cannabis authorized for chronic pain treatment in various countries, the study raises crucial questions about its safety. Dr. Holt emphasizes that the research shouldn't dissuade patients from exploring medical cannabis if other treatments have been inadequate. However, he suggests improved monitoring, especially for patients already at a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease.
As the first nationwide study of its kind on the cardiovascular effects of medical cannabis for chronic pain, researchers acknowledge the observational nature of their study. They stress the importance of replicating these results in different countries and settings. Additionally, investigating potential links between long-term cannabis use and heart failure, stroke, or acute coronary syndrome is crucial, given the persistent nature of chronic pain.
In an accompanying editorial, Prof. Robert L. Page from the University of Colorado calls for close pharmacovigilance of cannabis, recognizing the emerging safety signal in association with cardiovascular events. He suggests that medical cannabis may not be a universal therapeutic option, urging a contextualized approach based on patient characteristics and potential vulnerability to side effects. Prof. Page also questions the terminology, proposing "cannabis for therapeutic use" over "medical cannabis."
The study adds a layer of complexity to the ongoing dialogue surrounding medical cannabis, chronic pain, and cardiovascular health. While the findings suggest a nuanced approach to prescribing medical cannabis, the call for additional research highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of its long-term effects. As medical cannabis continues to gain acceptance, healthcare professionals and researchers must collaborate to navigate this evolving landscape and provide patients with the safest and most effective pain management strategies.
Publish Time: 11:20
Publish Date: 2024-01-12
